NCAA regulations prevented Cade from compensating the players for the time they spent giving blood and sweat samples, so he rewarded them with steak dinners. Researchers quickly figured out that the athletes lost so much weight to sweat -- sometimes as much as 10 pounds during a practice -- that they needed a drink that would replace the lost carbohydrates and electrolytes.
Developed so that water and sodium could be more readily absorbed in the intestinal tract, the drink also included sugar, a key source of energy, and phosphate to help burn the sugar.
The Gators became known as a second-half team because they often dominated opponents later in the game. As interest in the drink spread, Cade offered his patent rights to the University of Florida. The school turned him down but later engaged in a protracted court battle over royalty rights and struck a deal in Stokely-Van Camp bought the rights to Gatorade in and had it in supermarkets a year later.
Quaker Oats bought the rights in and began marketing it nationally. For Cade, the most rewarding aspect of his invention came far from the playing fields. Gatorade is used in hospitals, to aid in post-operative recovery and to treat diarrhea in children. The researchers then took their findings into the lab, and scientifically formulated a new, precisely balanced carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage that would adequately replace the key components lost by Gator players through sweating and exercise.
Soon after the researchers introduced their Gatorade formula to the team, the Gators began winning… outlasting a number of heavily favored opponents in the withering heat and finishing the season at 7—4. The team's success progressed even more during the season, with the Gators finishing at 9—2 and winning the Orange Bowl for the first time ever in the history of the school.
Word about Gatorade began to spread outside of the state of Florida, and both the University of Richmond and Miami of Ohio, began ordering batches of Gatorade for their football teams. Orders from other college football programs across the country soon followed, as playing without Gatorade on your sidelines began to be likened to playing with just ten men on the field.
Today, Gatorade can be found on the sidelines of more than 70 Division I colleges as the official sports drink of their men's and women's intercollegiate sports. In the summer of , Coach Ray Graves of the Florida Gators suggested to the Kansas City Chiefs that they use Gatorade to combat the staggering effects of a blistering Missouri sun during training camp. In the years that followed, more and more NFL teams began placing Gatorade on the sidelines of their games and practices, and in , Gatorade became the official sports drink of the NFL—a title it holds to this day.
Two decades after Dr. Over the next five years, only one player. Turns out, he had not drunk any Gatorade. The Gators rolled to an record in , earning a reputation as a second-half team, and after a season-ending victory over the University of Miami a reporter for the Miami Herald scored an interview with Graves where the coach talked about the beneficial effects of Gatorade.
By that fall, Stokely-Van Camp had secured rights from Cade and his fellow inventors to begin marketing Gatorade nationwide. Soon, Stokely-Van Camp was selling hundreds of thousands of gallons of Gatorade annually and interest in ownership rights grew.
The next few years were marked by a series of legal disputes that were ultimately settled in so that both the University of Florida and the original inventors — organized as the Gatorade Trust — received royalties.
In , the Quaker Oats Co. Pepsico purchased Quaker Oats in , a move beverage industry analysts predict will eventually lead to an even greater share of the market for Gatorade. For the University of Florida, the success of Gatorade has translated into more resources to support research.
Augustine to the on-campus Genetics Institute. The company maintains that its formula of carbohydrates sucrose, glucose and fructose and electrolytes potassium and sodium is the optimal mixture for stimulating fluid absorption, helping the body maintain fluid balance, providing energy to working muscles and enhancing athletic performance. To achieve a world-class level of sports-nutrition research, Powers says the Gatorade Sports Science Institute employs numerous full-time exercise and nutritional scientists and also collaborates with researchers from universities worldwide.
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