Chris makes like Popeye and transforms dried space greens into a delicious source of nutrients and iron! Transcript of the video Chris' kitchen part deux: space spinach strikes back.
Chris prepares a chocolate cake and a coffee for dessert. Be careful: it's hot! Transcript of the video Chris' Kitchen: Dessert in Space. The standard procedure for preparing meals on the ISS is as follows:. Most meals in the ISS have been selected and packaged so as to ensure that they will last for the entire duration of a mission. A small sticker indicating the expiry date is also affixed to each food item.
Natural form. Fresh foods can be delivered periodically to the Station by cargo vessel. Ground crews sometimes include a few fresh fruits and vegetables—a real luxury! Thermostabilized foods have been heat-treated, while irradiated foods have been subjected to ionizing radiation to destroy certain microorganisms.
The goal in every case is to preserve the foods. To prevent their food from floating away at meal time, packaging has Velcro patches so it can be attached to a tray or table. Tape, tethers, and magnets are also used to affix food items to surfaces. Scissors are an essential utensil for opening the vacuum sealed bags and retort pouches in which space food is packaged. Liquid generally stays attached to its package and the utensil used to eat it because of surface tension. However, when drinking rehydrated beverages from a pouch, specially adapted straws are important.
The straws have a clasp to prevent liquid from floating out of the straw. This is different than eating soup out of a package, as once the water travels up the straw, it has very little surface to cling to and can float away. For the same reason that bread is not allowed on the ISS, astronauts cannot season their food with standard ground spices. Pepper tastes much better in your mouth than it does floating into your eyes.
The solution: package the seasonings in liquid form. After the meal is complete, cleaning up is a little different. Astronauts will use disinfectant wipes or gently squeeze some water and diluted liquid soap onto their skin, then towel the excess water off.
This is to ensure they get sufficient calories, but also to prevent the extra food from spoiling and creating smelly garbage on the ISS. Turns out it does, indirectly. When floating in a microgravity environment, the tissues in our bodies become more evenly dispersed instead of being pulled down to our legs and feet.
This causes astronauts to experience puffy, or more rounded faces. The astronauts add water to beverages through a special tube before drinking. Meats are exposed to radiation before they are put onboard the shuttle to give them a longer shelf life. Astronauts eat three meals a day plus periodic snacks , just as they do on Earth. Meals are organized by the order in which astronauts are going to eat them, and stored in locker trays held by a net so they won't float away.
When mealtime rolls around, astronauts go into the galley area in the shuttle's middeck. There they add water to freeze-dried foods and dehydrated drinks from a rehydration station that dispenses both hot and cold water. They heat foods in a forced-air convection oven that's kept between and degrees Fahrenheit. It takes about 20 to 30 minutes to rehydrate and heat an average meal.
Astronauts attach their individual food containers to a food tray with fabric fasteners. The tray itself connects either to the wall or to the astronauts' laps. Astronauts open the food packages with scissors and eat with a knife, fork and spoon. Each shuttle packs enough food to last the length of the mission, and then some. A Safe Haven food system provides every astronaut with an extra three weeks' worth of food -- 2, extra calories a day -- just in case the crew encounters an emergency.
These foods are typically dehydrated for a longer shelf life. Astronauts may have plenty of food to eat, but being in space can put a damper on their appetites. Can astronauts drink that? In microgravity, the carbonation will not remain with the beverage. It will separate. So it was like, okay, we had hot Coke and hot Pepsi, so what?
Koren: What Kloeris: Wet. That is not a full closure. So in microgravity, when you eat, the food floats high in your stomach. Burping in microgravity is probably not something you want to do a lot of. Koren: Have you been thinking about what kind of meals NASA would need to prepare for longer missions, like a trip to Mars or into deep space? Kloeris: The research team in our lab is trying to figure that out right now.
For Mars, the food that they eat on the return trip will be somewhere between five and seven years old, so that is a huge challenge. We can actually make food that is microbiologically safe to eat for that period of time. The color, texture, and flavor are going to change, and the nutritional content is going to degrade. A particular nutrient will be more stable in one food than in another. Koren: What recipes are you working on right now?
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